...) 1.5D bend radius Long horizontal (developed flow) 3.5D bend radius A 1.5D bend radius with a vertical oriented upstream U A 1.5D bend radius with a horizontal upstream U Figure 2. EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP For the developed flow experiments, the gas/liquid mixing occurred via a small Y-joint...

... multiphase flow hydraulic simulator dip section particle reservoir surveillance sand transport model pipeline flow assurance model flow velocity experiment holdup custom flow assurance model critical velocity integration bhr group mpt2019 upstream oil & gas production monitoring...

... gradients in the CO 2 flow loop are in excellent agreement with the experimental data from the large-scale facilities. The results also confirm that the gas-to-liquid density ratio plays an important role, as showed in [4]. The experiments have provided valuable data sets for the verification...

... tank (C) where oil and water separate by gravity. Air is vented towards atmosphere. 4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS A series of experiments have been conducted for different rate and pressure combinations to screen for instabilities in the presented model setup. Some of the experiments (1 to 55) have been...

.... An injectable venturi is a venturi tube that has an opening at its throat and a pipe inclined at 45° is inserted into this opening. Thus, gas is injected counter to the flow coming from upstream of the injectable venturi to choke the working fluid passing through the throat of the venturi. Experiments were...

... velocities However, during the low liquid loading liquid accumulation experimental campaign some experiments were also extended to include high superficial gas velocities in order to obtain some pressure drop measurements (ref Figure 5-4). These experiments showed some unexpected three-phase flow effects...

..., yielding water viscosities in the range 14–42 cP. The aim of the experimental campaign was to produce experimental data relevant for modelling two- and three-phase low liquid loading flows at high gas rates. Earlier experiments [4] had revealed that the pressure drop was significantly higher in three-phase...

... at 30°C. When changing the temperature, we also adjusted the pressure such that the gas density was kept the same in all the experiments. Figure 2: Photograph of the experimental setup. Table 1: Fluid properties at 60 bara © BHR Group MPT2019 443 Density (Kg/m3) Nitrogen @ 30°C 69.4 Exxsol D60 @ 30°C...

... experiment production control pressure drop krieger international conference fluid modeling meg continuous phase fluid system viscosity ratio condensate production logging Rheology study: Comparison of a real condensate-MEG system and a model fluid system H Schümann, J Kjølaas and M Wolden...

...; we again see somewhat larger discrepancies, but the overall performance is quite acceptable. In addition to the uncertainty in the viscosity for the glycerol-water mixture, there may be additional experimental uncertainty due to difficulties in ensuring repeatability of the three phase experiments...

... with a pressure controlled boundary condition rather than a mass flow controlled gas flow. In this paper, 146 © BHR Group 18 MPT 2017 the focus is on the experimental results and especially on the liquid injection experiments. 3 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP The setup consists of an approximately 3.1 m, ID = 20 mm...

... Experimental data The two datasets by Elseth [2] and Amundsen [3], respectively, are complementary. Elseth presented experiments limited to horizontal flow, but spanning multiple combinations of mixture velocities and water cuts, see Table 2. Amundsen, on the other hand, presented experiments for different...

... simulations with OpenFOAM and the experiments is shown in Figure 9. The experimental data were kindly provided by Professor Azzopardi and Dr. Abdulkadir. From the time traces in Figure 8 and Figure 9, we can clearly distinguish the slug flow regime; there is a reasonably good agreement between the CFD...

..., churn- slug flow and slug flow. 2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND RESULTS The experiments were carried out at the SINTEF Multiphase Flow Laboratory in Tiller, Norway. The large scale loop facility was used in this experimental campaign and it consists of a 4" (97.2 mm) diameter and 51 m long vertical riser...

... injected was measured using an orifice meter. The fluids used in all experiments were natural gas and water. 3.2 Experimental Procedure Two different sets of experiments were performed in this study to evaluate the efficiency of LAGL in field conditions [6]: 1- The first set of experiments has...

... Figure 7 Liquid accumulation point as function of liquid loading, pipe diameter and pipe inclination 5.1.3 Three-phase flow effects on the frictional pressure drop at high superficial gas velocities However, during the low liquid loading liquid accumulation experimental campaign some experiments were...

... consequences for the operability of the system. In the available literature, there are relatively few experimental studies of high-rate three- phase flows in low liquid loading conditions. A common trait of all the available studies that have been identified is that the experiments were conducted in near...

... was observed to over predict the hydrodynamic slugging region for high pressure experiments in the low superficial velocity range while it under predicted at the low pressure region. From literature reviewed, it is observed that experimental dataset for oil-gas flows with viscosities less than 0.7 Pa.s were...

... is typically low liquid loading conditions at which multiple holdup solutions exist. Previous experience has shown that the OLGA model is not predicting well at these conditions and that very little experimental data exist for such conditions. Hence the experimental "Large Scale Liquid Loading Two-phase Flow...

... an example of this discontinuous behaviour as found in the experiments by Johansson et al. (1). Here, the liquid holdup fraction is shown against USG/USGCRIT. We see that the liquid holdup fraction changes discontinuously from 0.25 to a very small value at USG/USGCRIT =1. Figure 1: Experimental holdup vs USG...