... in this paper. WINDS AND WAVES Winds and waves were obtained from the MSC50 dataset (Swail et al., 1996). The MSC50 database is a hindcast wind and wave dataset for offshore Canadian waters, which was developed by Oceanweather Inc. for Meteorological Services of Canada (MSC) Environment and Climate Change...

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...). Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S): ERA5 Fifth Generation of ECMWF Atmospheric Reanalyses of the Global Climate, retrieved May 18, 2019, from httpscds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapphome. Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service (2021). Copernicus Marine Service: Global Ocean Physics Reanalysis...

..., and applicability for the particular flow problem. 9 9 2020 19 12 2020 1 3 2021 1 3 2021 2021. The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers climate change simulation openfoam free surface elevation wsi problem experimental measurement steep focused wave impact...

... ice disaster economic loss contingency planning climate change statistics Yuan Upstream Oil & Gas Agriculture hallegatte ario model industrial sector province adaptive regional input-output modeling approach assessment China input-output table indirect economic loss disaster...

... occurred in December 2008. Introduction Many available studies (e.g., Hinkel et al., 2014; Weisse et al., 2014), including the most recent assessment by the IPCC (2015), show that European coasts are threatened by rising sea levels and climate change. Coastal areas are subject to the risks of both flooding...

.... Introduction Most of the Arctic coastline is susceptible to climate change. Because of global warming and the transfer of additional heat fluxes, the frozen period of the upper active layers in the Arctic coastline is reduced. Consequently, coastline stability decreases during the extended warmer period...

... route iceberg personnel climate change weather forecast Gudmestad sustainable use sustainability emission probability cruise traffic International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (ISSN 1053-5381) httpwww.isope.org/publications/publications.htm Copyright © by The International...

..., Switzerland, 22 pp. risk management Froude number decision support system air emission trawler climate change marine transportation resistance Upstream Oil & Gas ship Efficiency prediction energy efficiency engine operation consumption holistic modeling scatter diagram wave height...

... in the Southern Ocean, indicate that ocean waves will now exert a much greater influence than hitherto. This change will be fueled by the heightened and more extreme meteorologi- cal events that we continue to experience due to climate change, leading to higher waves being created at distant storm centers...

... climate change Thickness polynya ocean Antarctica parameterization sea ice concentration sea ice modeling seasonal variation ice distribution heat flux International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (ISSN 1053-5381) httpwww.isope.org/publications Copyright © by The International...

..., environmental degradation, global warming, a dwindling water supply, inadequate food production, poverty, terrorism, the spread of disease, and explosive population growth. 1 9 2010 1 9 2010 2010. The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers climate change polymer Efficiency...

... ocean model was developed in which a small-scale domain involving the injection ship moves in the mesoscale domain. INTRODUCTION Global warming by greenhouse gases is believed to carry fatal threats in the near future. The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC...

...-monthly mean currents were stronger along the southern shore (15 cm/s) where most of the Arctic surface waters pass eastwards through the Barrow Strait. INTRODUCTION It is generally accepted now that, due to climate change, the polar ice caps are melting (ACIA, 2004, 2005; IPCC, 2007) and indeed...

.... Information on the time of freeze-up and ice thickness in harbors, lakes, continental shelves and shipping routes is needed for the day-to-day operation of marine industries. Long-term ice thickness data are required for climate change research, as changes in ice thickness and ice area in the Arctic and sub...

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