Abstract

Ice situation in the Russian section of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) is varies significantly by year (Taranukha, 2013). All forms of ice are classified in the Nomenclature of sea ice (Nomenclature, 1975). Drifting sea ice is characterized by the following parameters:

  • age of ice;

  • thickness of ice;

  • dimensions of fields and fragments;

  • ice concentration;

  • compression of ice;

  • extent of ice failure;

  • hummocking;

  • thickness of snow. Sea ice is composed crystals of freshwater ice, brine, insoluble salts and air inclusions. Deformation and failure of ice due to its structure, temperature, salinity and density. Ice is divided into two main layers over the thickness: high layer - water-snow layer (layer has a fine-grained structure and random orientation of crystals); bottom layer - congelation layer (vertical orientation of crystals).

Keywords:
compression, wellbore integrity, brine, gidrometeoizdat, freshwater ice, wellbore design, strength, important characteristic, kheysin, thickness
Subjects:
Wellbore Design, Reservoir Characterization, Wellbore integrity
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2014. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers
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