.... Researchers have investigated ice-going ship resistance by theoretical analysis and developed empirical formulas based on full-scale trials and ship model tests. For ships continuously breaking level ice, Lindqvist (1989) divided ice resistance into three components: bending, crushing, and submersion...

... and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian, Liaoning, China ABSTRACT As the global climate continues to change, ice floe channels are gradually becoming a common operating environment for icebreakers. It is essential to investigate the ice resistance performance under such conditions. A coupled...

... ABSTRACT The FEM/SPH coupling method is established to simulate the coupling effect of ship/ice/water and calculate the ice resistance. For a polar tanker sailing in ice area, the ice resistance, icebreaking process, and the rolling and sliding motions of broken ice are simulated. And the ice...

... resistance clearing resistance buoyancy resistance water resistance friction target value ice thickness speed segment coefficient canada government ice resistance ice clearing resistance test case speed ice sheet hull-ice friction total ice resistance hull-ice friction...

... the ice resistance prediction method. Then an icebreaker sailing in level ice is simulated and the phenomena of the ice blocks including rolling over in the water and sliding on the hull are obtained. It shows that a positive correlation between ice resistance and speed, then resistance-speed linear...

... reservoir simulation resistance experimental result marine transportation asia government freight & logistics services total resistance china government brash ice channel contact model numerical result engineering bulk carrier ice resistance brash ice particle interaction ice...

... reduce the stern ice resistance by 34.89%. The research in this paper provides research ideas for the study of the double-acting vessel running astern in level ice. INTRODUCTION With the application of podded propulsion or azimuth thruster in vessels, the ship type and icebreaking capacity...

... are a regression equation for ice resistance, an ice powering curve, as well as a propeller-ice interaction assessment. Two ice flexural strengths from a single ice sheet provides two times more data points compared to the traditional single ice flexural strength, and consequently, it will improve the ice...

... resistance of the bow was measured by a 6-component scale, while the forces acting on each segment were determined by 3-component load cells. This test setup allowed determination and comparison of the ice resistance components. The ice breaking and clearing process was observed and documented by underwater...

... Abstract Flexural strength is the important factor for calculating the ice resistance caused by the interaction between icebreaker or icebreaking vessel and level ice. But the influence of flexural strength on ice resistance is often ignored in the numerical simulation by commercial software...

... ABSTRACT In recent research of ice resistance simulation, the coupling effect between ice and water is usually neglected. To consider the coupling effect of ship/ice/water, based on finite element method and smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, the FEM/SPH coupling method is established...

... is established, and the validity of the model is verified by comparing the simulation results with experimental data. This paper analyzes the effects of different simplification of the fluid on the ice resistance, and further analyzes the differences of ice resistance curves. INTRODUCTION In the context...

... hull form parameters as the preliminary designed hull form as an application example. As the optimization result, the hull form which has smaller ice resistance than the preliminary designed hull form is obtained. INTRODUCTION In the development of an icebreaker, we design a hull form which meets...

... ABSTRACT A literature study of existing methods for estimating the resistance of ships in ice is presented and a review of the influence of several ship particulars on the level ice resistance is made. The applicability of the Lindqvist method to vessels with conventional bow shapes...

... is involved in. Thus, giving a reasonable estimation of ice resistance in snow covered situation is an essential requirement in fitting the operative philosophy. Equipped with load cell and tactile sensor, two comparative series of model tests (normal level ice and snow covered ice) were performed for a new...

... ABSTRACT Due to global warming and the continuous decline of Arctic sea ice, maritime transport in the Arctic region has increased dramatically. While operating in the Arctic area, ships face regular environment loads and ice loads synchronously, the consideration of ice resistance...

... ABSTRACT Since the oil and gas resources of the Arctic have become easier to develop, the need for the transportation of these resources becomes evident. The ice resistance should be estimated to meet the need for the arctic vessel design and the optimal route for the voyage should...

... to uncertainty at 28% and 72% respectively. KEY WORDS: Variable Mode and Effect Analysis (VMEA), Ship Ice Resistance, Ice Loads, Fish Bone Method, Level Ice, Channel Ice, Confidence Interval, Uncertainty, Inland Waterways, Fresh Water Ice, Finnish-Swedish ice class regulations (FSICR) INTRODUCTION Inland...

... ABSTRACT A model test using synthetic ice was conducted to measure the ice resistance of a ship advancing into small ice floes with a regular wave. Model tests were conducted in a towing tank with a wave maker. Disk-shaped polypropylene (PP) plate were used as an ice floe. The model ship...

.... There are three ways to estimate the ice resistance: using a mathematical model, numerical simulation, and using empirical formula. In this paper, empirical formulas are used. The main aim of the study is to develop a computer program (I-RES) for prediction of attainable speed in brash ice and for ice resistance...