... the newcomers using an incremental approach since the early 1990s and presents an idea likely to speed up the technological progress: Namely, adopting the use of a direct approach. isope chung direct approach system development contractor nodule explorer north pacific ocean incremental approach...

..., buoyancy in seawater, buoyancy of the buoy, resistance force of current action of wave and inner fluid as well as coupling effect of the components. Current research on the deep-ocean mining system is mainly focused on static and dynamic analyses of the rigid pipe(Chung, 1978; Chung and Felippa, 1981...

... ABSTRACT: The review is an update from the review presented at the OMS-2005 (Chung, 2005). It includes discussions on the technical issues that have been already identified in the literature for manganese nodule production system design and on initial stages of crust mining concepts...

... for the contents. INTRODUCTION The present experiment investigates the effects of sand particle size and concentration on pressure gradient or drag in 2-phase flows of silica sands in water for vertical upward hydraulic transport. Chung et al. (1998 and 1999) previously reported on the shape effects of sand...

... of mining system for COMRA's 1000-m sea trial (Liu and Wang, 2003) is similar to other deep-ocean mining systems and integrated control of the ship-pipebuffer- flexible hose and self-propelling miner, one of which was tested in 1976 and 1978 in the North Pacific Ocean (Brink and Chung, 1981; Chung, 1994...

... Deep-ocean Mining Technology: Development II Jin S. Chung ISOPE*, Cupertino, California, USA SUMMARY A brief observation of the developments in mining systems and technology in the past 2 to 4 years is presented. Discussions on the development of other deep-ocean resources that are somewhat...

... been simulated too. INTRODUCTION Connecting the miner to the ship, the configuration, stress and dynamic response of the lift pipe system are significant to the design, control and safety of practical mining system. Chung (1980; 1981; 1994; etc ) has studied the 4000-ft and 18000-ft vertical pipe...

... by the collection and lift system (Chung, 1994; Liang, Shi, and Cui, 2002). Undersized granularity will pollute seabed environment seriously, yet oversized one will block the collector and lift system, so the granularity should be controlled strictly in the required range: The maximum diameter of broken crust...

... Fig. 1 Hughes Glomar Explorer Deep-ocean Mining Technology: Learning Curve I Jin S. Chung ISOPE* Cupertino, California, USA ABSTRACT The recent state of technological development in the countries that have joined deep-ocean mining since the 90s is reviewed in terms of readiness...

..., buffer and a self-propelled miner at 5,000-m depth (Chung, JS, 1999). OMI (Ocean Management Inc.) tested in 1978, which included a drill ship, a lift pipe subsystem with a 5500m long pipe string and a towed collector. The same year OMA (Ocean Mining Associates) performed two more poly-metallic nodule...

... manganese nodules. pipe equation fluid pressure manganese nodule kwon upstream oil & gas deep-sea manganese nodule displacement numerical model lifting pipe internal flow chung flow-induced vibration internal flow chi ho yoon yoon mining pipe vibration pipe system pipeline...

... ocean experiment social impact assessment sustainability upstream oil & gas impact experiment disturbance operation nodule seafloor metals & mining chung mining system workshop sediment mining Proceedings ofThe Fourth (2001) Ocean Mining Symposium Szczecin, Poland, September 23...

.... Chung, OERC Inc, Cupertino, California, USA K. Lee, Kiewit Construction, Omaha, Nebraska, USA A. Tischler, Aera Energy, Bakersfield, California, USA G. Yarim, Schlumberger IPM, Anzoategui, Venezuela ABSTRACT An experimental investigation is conducted to investigate effects of particle size...

... consortia in the seventies (Chung, Whitney and Loden 1980; Brink and Chung, 1981; Chung, 1996). The systems had either a self propelled collector (Chung 1996) or a towed collector (Heine and Sung, 1978) which collects and pumps nodules from the ocean floor to the lifting system either directly or through...

... enterprise and claimed their respective manganese nodule areas. isope ocean mining symposium mining research and development omwg efficiency upstream oil & gas subgroup deep-ocean resource innovation publication collector government miner ocean mining chung mining system offshore...

... analysis. Deep ocean mining is gaining impetus worldwide. chung natural frequency ship motion metals & mining artificial intelligence deflection slurry flow maximum deflection upstream oil & gas vibration operation ocean mining pipe pipe system equation mining pipe envelope...

... from the deep-ocean floor (Chung, 1996). A deep-ocean mining system is an integration of a seafloor miner system, miner to- buffer link system, lift pipe/buffer system, ship system and, ocean transportation system, as shown in Fig. 1 (Brink and Chung, 198,0, 1982). The miner is designed to maneuver...

... polar eng subsystem chung deep-ocean manganese nodule production technology computer simulation model operation leadership tis system development research and development pipe offshore korea production technology upstream oil & gas mining Proceedings ofthe Second (/997) Ocean...

... vibration is the most critical factor in design of lifting pipe, since the fundamental natural period of axial vibration, about 6 seconds, is in the range of high wave energy (Chung and Whitney. 1981 and 1983: Sparks et al., 1982; Pakarinen, 1988). Aso et a1.(1992, 1994, 199:5, 1996) have conducted a series...

... and reducing the axial motion and stress of a pipe. Using the 3-D nonlinear pipe code, 3DNLPIPE, the previous analysis (Cheng and Chung, 1996, 1997) showed design and operation principles following which arrangements of the axial vibration dampers at proper positions along the pipe, even without the joints...