...-seabed friction on sandy seabeds. The paper is underpinned by a new database that demonstrates the driving parameters that influence interface friction in granular materials. By accurately quantifying shear resistance along the pipe-soil interface under low normal stresses imposed by subsea pipelines...

...) that demonstrates the protocol and shows general variations in the key parameters that may be useful for early design purposes. By accurately quantifying shear resistance along the pipe-soil interface under low normal stresses imposed by subsea pipelines, ISB tests allow design ranges in axial friction...

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... pore water pressures in excess of hydrostatic. Thus, for a number of soil deposits Eq. 2 must be modified to account for the excess pore water pressures which results in the following expression for the effective normal stress, T =y'zsinScosS (1) xy where, yl is the submerged (buoyant) unit weight...

...) IS = a tan ¢ s s . . . . . . ( 3) where IS- Interface strength (soil-on-steel) A - Interface adhesion F - Interface friction ~ - Effective normal stress between pile and soil at time of loading <Pss- Effective angle of friction between soil and steel For typical Gulf of Mexico clays (Plas- ticity Index, PI...