... cleanout simulation coiled tubing operations surface flowline flow rate effectiveness schmoo flowline cleanout evaluation injection execution absolute roughness buildup friction pressure upstream oil & gas roughness nominal id injector head spe production case study selection...

... between surface and heel gauges Dividing the above quantity by the measured depth of the heel gauge Determine total pipe friction pressure to the depth of active perforations by multiplying the pipe friction gradient by measured depth of the active perforation interval. Subtract total pipe...

... of foam in laminar and turbulent flow and a series of field experiments with bottomhole gauges to calibrate foam friction pressure in tubulars at very high rates. To measure viscosity of foam fluid with N 2 at 1,000 psi, we used a small-scale, flow loop viscometer that could be applied in both laminar...

... fracturing fluid proppant hydraulic fracturing chemistry viscosity activator solution diesel application friction pressure agent thermal stability la barge area SPE Production reservoir concentration gal gelled oil fluid system screenout co 2 phosphate ester breaker base fluid spe...

... assumption to describe the transport of solid particles. Laminar and nonlaminar (drag-reduced) friction pressures, the transition criterion, and solid settling velocity are given in a unified framework. 23 3 1994 8 5 1997 11 8 1997 1 11 1997 1 11 1997 Copyright 1997, Society...

...H. C. Tan; J. M. McGowen; J. C. Ridens; J. M. Sandy Summary A field experiment was conducted on a well with 10,000 ft of 3½-in., 12.9-lbm/ft tubing to gather friction-pressure data for CO 2 -energized fluids. Seventy-three stages were pumped at various rates, gel concentrations, proppant...

...J. L. Elbel Summary When two or more fractures are created during multizone fracturing, proppant penetration in some zones may be inadequate. The injection rate into each zone is governed by fracture height, rock modulus, fluid loss, stress contrasts, and perforation friction pressure. 15 4...

...K. E. Cawiezel; J. L. Elbel Summary This paper describes a delayed-crosslink activator system for borate fracturing fluids that allows crosslinking rates to be controlled to give low friction pressure in the wellbore. Data from laboratory development, full-scale friction tests, and fracturing...

...Richard G. Keck; Warren L. Nehmer; Gary S. Strumolo Summary The prediction of friction pressures for proppant-laden fracturing fluids requires estimations of both the base-gel friction factor and the effect of proppant on fluid rheology. This paper introduces two new expressions, each theoretically...

... the fracture, the slurry viscosities and friction pressure gradients also vary. If surface pressures are used to calculate excess pressures, the problem becomes even more complex because of the problems associated with computing downhole pressure from surface pressure. Two correlations 10 , 11 have...

... engineering spe production engineering friction pressure wellhead fracturing materials proppant production control hydrostatic weight The constant-internal-phase design has allowed higher proppant concentrations to be pumped than conventional foam designs. In a foam stimulation treatment, sand...

... equation friction pressure flow metering reynolds number bingham-plastic fluid pipe size experimental data Prediction of friction pressures of cement slurries is important for determining safe circulating pressures to help avoid breakdown of weak formations during cementing operations...

...Subhash N. Shah Summary In this study, the effects of pipe roughness on friction pressures of uncrosslinked and crosslinked fracturing gels are reported from flow data gathered in smooth and rough pipes. Pipe-roughness effects are found to be very significant in the estimation of friction pressures...

... superior to those of high-temperature systems that use conventional organometallic crosslinkers. Treated formations include the Wilcox, Frio, and Vicksburg. The use of this new fluid has resulted in lower and more consistent friction pressures. Average sand concentrations have been increased. A significant...

...Subhash N. Shah; Yung N. Lee Summary Friction-pressure calculations of proppant-laden fluids are very important not only in the design of any hydraulic fracturing treatment but also in real-time monitoring of fracturing treatments. Recent advances in real-time fracture analysis have necessitated...

... perforations, and in the fracture. Laminar and turbulent flow properties can be evaluated simultaneously. The results—such as turbulent friction pressure, effect of pipe and perforation shear on the rheological properties of fluids in the fracture, viscous properties in the fracture, and temperature stability...