... The effects of multiple wings interacting and the change in efficiency due to those effects as well as optimal sheeting angles are becoming an important area of study with the advent of wind-propelled ships for goods transport. This research presents a first analysis of wind tunnel tests carried...

... deformation. Furthermore, the experiments revealed that flow behaviours such as the laminar-to-turbulent transition are preserved even with high blockage. The angle of attack at which transition occurs is also preserved in pressurized wind tunnel tests. However, the effect on the forces cannot be fully...

... for upwind sails (Miyata & Lee, 1999). The complexity of downwind sail flow also prompted the development of dedicated experimental facilities, namely twisted flow wind tunnels (Flay & Vuletich, 1995), the need for which was highlighted a few years before by Flay & Jackson (1992). One of the benefits...

... also improves the numerical results, with modelling the computational domain as a simple box or as the real wind tunnel results in different flow, with the angle of attack varying by 3°. In conclusion, LES, even if it is very sensitive to the mesh and the choice of the solver, is more accurate than...

..., in particular its sensitivity to error and noise in the performance estimation, we contrast the direct optimization of the physical system with the optimization of its numerical model. For the physical system, the optimization procedure was fed with wind tunnel measurements, while the numerical modeling relied...

... The main results of a two-year project aimed at comparing full-scale tests, wind tunnel tests, and numerical analysis predictions are presented. Pressure measurements were obtained from both full-scale tests and wind-tunnel tests, in upwind and downwind conditions. The upwind wind tunnel test...

... in the wind tunnel and at full scale. While flying shape measurements in the wind tunnel are straight forward to do providing quite accurate results, respective measurements at full scale in natural, stochastic environment turned out to be challenging. As a result of the comparison it can be shown that flying...

... Wind tunnel testing to determine yacht performance has been carried out for at least the last 50 years. A common perception is that experimental methods do not improve significantly over time. This paper shows how modern wind tunnel testing is still the only realistic way of providing a complete...

... THE 19th CHESAPEAKE SAILING YACHT SYMPOSIUM ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND, MARCH 2009 Photogrammetric Investigation of the Flying Shape of Spinnakers in a Twisted Flow Wind Tunnel Kai Graf, Institute of Naval Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Kiel (UAS), Kiel / Germany Olaf Müller, LM Glasfiber...

... THE 18th CHESAPEAKE SAILING YACHT SYMPOSIUM ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND, MARCH 2007 Enhanced Wind Tunnel and Full-Scale Sail Force Comparison Heikki Hansen, Yacht Research Unit, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Peter J. Richards, Yacht Research Unit, The University of Auckland, Auckland...

... The Glenn L. Martin Wind Tunnel (GLMWT) has developed specialized investigative techniques to evaluate underwater appendages for sailing yachts that have been continuously improved through practice by GLMWT staff. These specialized techniques are required to obtain the best possible differential...

... ABSTRACT example, velocity prediction programs (VPP) and rules such as the International Measurement System (IMS) are A parametric series of eight spinnaker models based on mathematical models that estimate force was built and tested in a wind tunnel according to the coefficients for both hulls and sails...

... upwind, downwind, and under tow. The experimental approach described in this paper will be useful for the development and evaluation of various seawater drag reduction methods. ambient turbulence level designer instability wind tunnel frequency pressure gradient reynolds number transition...

... targeted narrow bands of operating conditions expected during various legs of the 1997-98 Whitbread Round The World Race™. To achieve this goal, two major development tasks were first completed by the Glenn L. Martin Wind Tunnel (GLMWT), located at the University of Maryland College Park: a. Model Test...

... Tunnel (GLMWT), located at the University of Maryland College Park, is participating in this sail force prediction project as part of the US SAILING University Research Program. The GLMWT effort is primarily in three areas which will be described in detail: 1.Development and evaluation of advanced wind...

... dynamometer strain gauge sensor force coefficient wind tunnel calculation rig testing method baybea boat .. .. SAILING. .4). = THE THIRTEENTH CHESAPEAKE SAILING YACHT SYMPOSIUM An Investigation of Full Scale Forces Produced by a Sail Nathan Bossett, Herbert Engineering Corporation, San Francisco...