Abstract
The boundary between a thick carbonate layer and its substrata is often a well-defined reflector due to the presence of shaly and clayey layers beneath the carbonates. This reflector and other underlying reflectors result in a velocity pull-up effect because the seismic velocities within the carbonates are higher than that of the surrounding sediments. The geometry of velocity pull-up beneath the carbonate body is related to the geometry of the structure and the thickness of the carbonate body the seismic wave travels through.
In B9 area of Mumbai Offshore basin, the reservoir facies are largely represented by clastics deposited along tidal deltaic lobes. Wells drilled though Daman formation have encountered good quality pay sands within the Daman formation. This pay has produced commercial quantities of hydrocarbons in the vicinity making the area attractive for further exploration and exploitation. The overlying Bombay formation consists mainly of shale with occasional bands of limestone and claystone. The development of thick isolated carbonates bodies within Bombay formation is observed in "C" structure on which "Well-C" is placed. This is seen to significantly constrain the structural configuration in the "C" area. There is a possibility of substantial extension of the "C" structure towards south if the impact of velocity pull up due to carbonate build up can be successfully mitigated. The ultimate challenge is to image the Daman reservoirs, mitigating overburden lateral velocity variations.
In addition to a layered cake depth conversion approach for depth conversion of the time map, a more robust approach, PSDM followed by depth conversion was carried out. This paper highlights the merit of different methods.
