.... We conducted a large-scale true tri-axial fracturing experiment with multiple layered principal stress loading using OFDR-based fiber-optic sensors with a concrete specimen of 30in×30in×36in dimension. The fiber-optic sensing cable was embedded inside the concrete specimen Hairpin turn shape...

... Abstract Understanding the mechanical behavior and damage evolution of rock specimens is a cornerstone for safe and efficient practices in various geoscience and energy sectors. Traditional laboratory methodologies cannot detect fine-scale variability in Hot Dry Rock (HDR) of Enhanced...

...") and diametrical (D×L=2"×1") compression using a precision 100kN Instron electromechanical load frame with a constant displacement of 0.05 mm/min. Specimens had distinct lamination and natural fractures. An ARAMIS 3D-DIC image acquisition system was positioned to monitor the samples at a rate of 2 frames per...

... fluids. To measure total tortuosity, a pair of companion plugs, from either Berea SS or the Wolfcamp, were hydrostatically pressurized to 100% saturation, separately with dodecane and 2.5wt% KCl brine (both fluids have NMR Hydrogen Index - HI of 1). Each saturated specimen was then imbibed with its...

... different properties compared with saw- cut fractures, including fracture roughness, frictional strength, and relationships between mechanical aperture and hydraulic aperture. This highlights the advantages of using the triaxial direct shear method for hydromechanical behavior measurement. Methods Specimens...

... deformation in interaction with water. A speckle pattern is applied to the specimen and then the deformation of the specimen during imbibition is captured using a digital camera. The images are analyzed using a 2D-DIC image processing software to obtain displacements and strains. Tuscaloosa Marine Shale...

... in the concentration of 6% and 4% provides more excellent stabilization to Tuscaloosa Marine shale, outperforming the best results of NaCl by 38%. It was found that the increase of the ionic strength of KCl brine from 4% to 6%, does not correspond to better stabilization of all TMS specimens. In some cases, when...

... and cementing cement cement chemistry upstream oil & gas cement 4 damage profile enhanced recovery wellbore design specimen pipe defect cement 1 wellbore model strength annular cement cement 2 cement column injection society of petroleum engineers cement sheath integrity compressive...

... (TMS) formations. The samples are obtained in the way that the imbibition rate in the direction parallel and perpendicular to the bedding can be investigated. One-end-open boundary condition, where the specimen is in contact with the rock from one open side only, is selected to better understand...

... geometries of depletion profiles affecting well interference potentials driven by production. Reservoir Characterization Upstream Oil & Gas specimen reservoir geomechanics surface drilling data fracture height reduction Artificial Intelligence fracture height interface proxy geomechanical...

... a series of fracturing experiments to investigate its unique fracture initiation and propagation characteristics. The cube made with cement mortar is used as the test specimen, in which the main well with radial laterals is pre-fabricated. Then, fracturing experiment on the specimen is performed in the tri...

..., laboratory experiments involving layered media and interfaces were modeled, and numerical results closely matched the experimental results. Then a sensitivity analysis on fracture propagation potentials was performed on two layered specimens by using three interface properties: perfect, weak and de-bonded...

... properties that depend on the orientation of the bedding plane and swelling characteristics of clay minerals. Hence, measurement of fracture toughness of specimens with fracture at different orientations and in different brine solutions is of outmost important. To date, numerous studies of crack extension...

... shearing. In this study, we measure permeability of shale specimens shear fractured at stressed conditions and combine these measurements with concurrent x-ray tomographic characterization of the fracture systems. The fractures were created using a specialized triaxial system configured for either direct...

.... The fracture properties can be measured in two major experiments: direct shear test and triaxial shear test. Direct shear test is widely used to measure the strength and stiffness properties of rock fractures (Goodman, 1976; ASTM D5607-08, 2008), since it is easy to utilize large scale specimens at both...

... rock specimen as an example, we present an image-to-simulation framework for digital shale rock characterization. Methods and Experimental Procedure Existing measurement methods, developed for conventional reservoirs, are insufficient for character- izing unconventional shale reservoirs. They have been...