... proppant into the created fracture to maintain the fracture for maximum conductivity. To accomplish these, a fracturing fluid is required to have sufficient viscosity and elasticity, while yielding low friction during pumping. Additionally, leakoff into the formation needs to be controlled through...

... fracturing materials Upstream Oil & Gas fracturing fluid hydraulic fracturing concentration proppant stimulation cleat coal seam tracer technology height growth seam geometry fracture India fracture height basin fracture height growth fracture geometry detector count rate...

... ultimate recovery (EUR). Therefore, it is worth to identify optimal stage interval to stimulate horizontal lateral to cut costs through using the appropriate volumes of fracing fluid and proppant and to maximize profit by improving EUR. It should be noted that production from horizontal well...

... on the surface and subsurface. Inlet, inside and outlet pressure of the blender should be concerned, because the blender utilizes non-mechanical pump, which requires sufficient motive flow to draw proppants into the main pipe, while the pressure difference directly impacts the flow rate of motive flow...

... these injury problems: first, the damage of residue clogs the formation; secondly the residues of the proppant means a serious blockage. This therefore leads to a significant decline of artificial fracture conductivity (permeability decreasing over about 80 to 90%); making fracturing fluids difficult...

... It should be noted that the 20 ppt crosslinked gel (Sample A) had slightly higher viscosity than the 40 ppt particle fluids at 180°F. This system creates a particle network that decouples proppant suspension from traditional fluid viscosity. Instead, the polymer particle network (Samples B and C...

... more production rate. Based on some early production data of wells in Fushun-Yongchuan (herein after refer to as Fushun) block and its sensitivity analysis to completion parameters, it is found that the amount of injected fluid volume does not obviously impact the performance. Instead, proppant...

.... In proppant fracturing, non-reactive fracturing fluid and proppant tolerance in the fracture sustain the conductivity higher than that in acid fracturing. The inert fracturing gel does not react with the formation and therefore can penetrate deeper than acid for a given fluid volume, which results in longer...

... the reservoir rock in addition to the proppant transport capability. A test determined the amount of residue generated by the ZrXL PGA. A fluid sample was prepared by mixing 3.6 kg/m 3 of PGA, 2 L/m 3 of NE, pH buffer to target level, 0.5 L/m 3 of SI, optimized ZrXL blend addition, and 10 L/m 3 of OB, 0.1 L...

... Abstract Proppants are placed in fractures to provide highly conductive paths for hydrocarbons to flow from the reservoir to the wellbore. Hydraulic fracturing technology is constantly improving to achieve better production performance. Ultra-lightweight (ULW) proppants are one...

... in seawater-based fluid mixed with formation water that contains more than 20,000 ppm of calcium scaling ions. Proppant conductivity testing confirmed the fluid can be effectively cleaned up, leaving minimal proppant pack damage. This additive offers the most economical solution to formulating fracturing...

... horizontal well were extracted from the raw data resources. These features contain five aspects: well location and geometry, Bakken formation thickness, hydraulic fracture characterization, fracturing fluid, and proppant. 6 months' and 18 months' cumulative production were utilized to characterize the after...

... Gomaa et al. 2016a and Gomaa et al. 2016b presented a method of generating stable proppant pillars that depends on fingering phenomena observed when a less viscous fluid, that does not carry proppant, is injected to displace a more viscous one that carries proppant. The low-viscosity fluid...

... of the main artificial fracture may be shorter than expected as a result of zigzag fracture created during the course of fracturing treatment. Multiple scale fracture conductivity test considering fracture type, proppant placement mode, proppant size and concentration, etc. In shale gas fracturing...

... significantly involving the bulk rock. Nanoindentation testing is competent in characterizing micromechanically fluid-shale interactions and how surface treatment can mitigate the softening of shales. shale gas Reservoir Characterization proppant fracturing materials hydraulic fracturing complex...

... the Montney. One study by Christie et al investigated the completion trends of four Montney operators since 2005 and showed the average completion interval length, the average number of fracture stages, and the volume of proppant used per fracture all increased over time. Al-Alwani et al, provided...

... Abstract Stimulated reservoir volume fracturing, in unconventional gas and tight oil development, is a key technology. Injecting low viscosity sand-laden fluid of high flow rate, it can form complex fracture networks. Therefore, placement of proppant deep into the complex fracture networks...

...                 μ s l = μ f l ( 1 − ∑ p c p c m a x ) − n Where μ f is the viscosity of fracturing fluid, c max the maximum volumetric proportion of proppant, n is the modeling coefficient, typically between 1.0 and 2.5. Ideally, proppant...

... diverting agent and a fine mesh lightweight ceramic proppant. The advanced FF SPD is shown in Fig. 2 . Optimized particle size distribution to bridge across a fracture width, hairline fracture or wormholes in the far field Smaller particles to reduce the diverter pack permeability Abstract...

.... Guar-based fracturing fluids are the most commonly used in stimulation treatments. Cross-linked fluids with low polymer loading and high viscosity are needed to transport proppant efficiently. However, due to the tight shale formation, efficient proppant pack cleanup is critical to minimize polymer...