... conditions, as discussed in this paper, but they are not necessarily always better than vertical wells. Horizontal well drilling and production technologies, with particular emphasis on their application in naturally fractured reservoirs, are considered in light of the North American and European experience...

... Following Brie et al. we assume that in fractured basement the grains are well cemented, and that the reduction of acoustic velocities in the rock is due to scattering from pores and fractures. Since fracture porosity is generally small, we model fractures as a dilute concentration of fluid...